At the heart of these problems is a form of directive governance that prioritizes ad hoc decisions over rule-based systems. Such governance weakens responsibility, encourages risk aversion among ...

Once promoted as a strategic alternative to curb gasoline consumption, reduce imports and enhance energy security, CNG is now ...

Years of wage suppression have amplified this trend. While Iranian labor law explicitly states that the minimum wage should be sufficient to cover the cost of living for an average household, this ...

Iran’s economy is facing a deepening bottleneck as external sanctions and internal anti-production regulations jointly ...

South Pars is the backbone of Iran’s energy system, supplying more than 80 percent of the country’s natural gas. Shared with ...

This decline mirrors the broader downturn in global oil prices and the OPEC basket, underscoring Iran’s vulnerability to market-wide pressures. Over the full year, Iranian heavy crude averaged $69.50 ...

Despite repeated reports of record-breaking trade deals, Iran’s commercial reality remains constrained. Analysts and business representatives note that while headlines suggest growth, actual trade ...

Over the past decade, maritime logistics has consistently ranked among Iran’s growth-oriented sectors. Average annual revenue growth of around 45% over the last 13 years highlights the sector’s close ...

Senior officials at the National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) say the system remains stable for now, but warn that the coming days will be “decisive” as temperatures drop below zero across much of the ...

Iran’s trade with the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) has grown by 16% in the first eight months of the current Iranian calendar year (March–October 2025), according to the head of Iran’s Trade ...

Experts agree that regaining investor confidence requires a strategic shift: privatization, honoring past and future contracts, addressing international constraints, and establishing economic and ...

The latest Purchasing Managers’ Index (PMI) for Iran’s manufacturing sector stood at 49.9 in Azar (November–December), marking the seventh month of contraction during the first three quarters of the ...