Plasmids and the model bacterium Escherichia coli are at the heart of recombinant gene technologies. Plasmids are handled in test tubes with enzymes such as restriction endonucleases, ligases, and ...

Recombinant DNA (rDNA) refers to artificial DNA molecules that are created by combining genetic material from different sources. This technology involves the insertion of DNA fragments from one ...

Antibodies are the number one immune cells that fight against infection and diseases. However, beyond their natural usage, biochemistry has devised several ways in which these antibodies can be ...

Despite the hundreds of millions of vials of blood drawn every year for medical testing, scientists have only scratched the surface of its diagnostic potential. The blood proteome — which includes all ...

“BIOHAZARDS AT HARVARD,” warns the cover of the June 8, 1976 issue of the Boston Phoenix. “Scientists are on the brink of undertaking revolutionary genetic research which creates new life forms,” the ...