The Moon and Mars are not hospitable places for human explorers. The temperatures fluctuate between impossibly cold and boiling hot; there’s no breathable atmosphere, food or drinkable water; and ...

Water purification is a big business on Earth. Companies offer everything from desalination to providing just the right pH level for drinking water. But on the moon, there won't be a similar technical ...

Mars is a harsh, dusty world where fine, electrostatically charged particles shape both its landscape and the fate of robotic explorers. From coating solar panels to altering atmospheric circulation, ...